The general consensus has held that, 45,000 years ago, modern humans and Neanderthals lived in Europe together. The evidence for this hypothesis comes from three caves in Italy. But Ludovic Slimak, an archaeologist at the University of Toulouse, and Clément Zanolli, a paleoanthropologist from the University of Bordeaux, have found evidence that threatens to overturn the theory — and wind back the clock.
