{"id":14060,"date":"2024-06-30T22:55:13","date_gmt":"2024-06-30T22:55:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/?p=14060"},"modified":"2024-06-30T22:55:15","modified_gmt":"2024-06-30T22:55:15","slug":"7-unexpected-friendships-between-historical-figures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/7-unexpected-friendships-between-historical-figures\/","title":{"rendered":"7 Unexpected Friendships Between Historical Figures"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What does a grumpy old widower have in common with a chubby young boy scout? Nothing! This is why the eventual friendship between the cranky Carl and the young Russell was so entertaining in Pixar\u2019s 2009 film, Up<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imagine how much more interesting it would be if such unlikely friendships happened in real life. Luckily, they do\u2014among very famous historical figures, no less. Here are some of the most unexpected ones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Harry Houdini and Arthur Conan Doyle<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One was an illusionist; the other was a famous author. Harry Houdini and Arthur Conan Doyle formed an unlikely friendship after they were <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/stage\/2015\/aug\/10\/houdini-and-conan-doyle-impossible-edinburgh-festival\">brought together by their spiritualism<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They were already celebrities by the time they met in 1920. Conan Doyle\u2019s Sherlock Holmes stories were massive hits, and Houdini had already staged dozens of live shows performing various stunts and escape acts.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It wasn\u2019t just their careers that made them different. The Guardian described Conan Doyle as a Scottish Victorian gentleman, while Houdini was a self-educated Hungarian immigrant in the U.S.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"796\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1923-arthur-conan-doyle-and-harry-houdini-in-america-e1534167099381.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14061\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1923-arthur-conan-doyle-and-harry-houdini-in-america-e1534167099381.jpg 796w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1923-arthur-conan-doyle-and-harry-houdini-in-america-e1534167099381-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1923-arthur-conan-doyle-and-harry-houdini-in-america-e1534167099381-768x405.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conan Doyle believed in the supernatural and was convinced that Houdini had magical powers that allowed him to perform his illusions. Conan Doyle sought out Houdini, and they became quick friends.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, after many public outings, the friendship fizzled when Conan Doyle\u2019s wife, Jean, attempted to contact Houdini\u2019s mother through a private seance. According to reports, Houdini\u2019s mother tried to make contact through 15 pages of writing. Houdini didn\u2019t believe it was his mother because the language was too grammatically correct.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Additionally, Houdini denounced mediums, which annoyed Conan Doyle. The friendship was never mended. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A British TV series was commissioned to showcase this fascinating relationship. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt4539954\/\">Houdini &amp; Doyle<\/a> aired ten episodes in 2016<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Marilyn Monroe and Ella Fitzgerald<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Both were entertainers, so it should not have been much of a surprise that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/marilyn-monroe-photos\/\" title=\"Marilyn Monroe: Glamorous photos of the tragic American icon\">Marilyn Monroe<\/a> and Ella Fitzgerald were friends. However, Fitzgerald was Black, and segregation was still rampant in the United States at the time.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fitzgerald had been making waves as a jazz singer since the 1930s. Up to the 1950s, she had only booked gigs in small venues. It wasn\u2019t until she was given a chance to play at Mocambo nightclub that her career skyrocketed. Guess who made that possible? Marilyn Monroe.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14062\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty-1080x608.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/marilyn-meets-ella-looking-fit-and-well-groomed-after-her-recent-hospitalization-actress-marilyn-monroe-right-attends-a-jazz-session-at-the-tiffany-club-in-hollywood-getty.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The nightclub reportedly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yahoo.com\/entertainment\/marilyn-monroe-helped-her-very-064128171.html\">didn\u2019t want to book Fitzgerald<\/a> in 1955 because of her race. Monroe referred to Fitzgerald as her \u201cvery favorite person.\u201d She called the nightclub and got her the gig.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yahoo! quoted Monroe\u2019s friend Amy Greene, who described the incident: \u201cMarilyn read this in the paper and got very annoyed and called the manager and said, \u2018Hi, this is Marilyn Monroe, and if you rebook Ella Fitzgerald, I will come every night to hear her sing.\u2019\u201d Nobody said no to Monroe, so Fitzgerald was booked.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They first met in 1954 when Monroe watched Fitzgerald perform at a small nightclub in Los Angeles.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Prince and Muhammad Ali<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They were both fans of each other but only <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-us-canada-36455642\">met in June 1997<\/a>, after both had already peaked in their careers. Prince was such a fan of the boxer that he didn\u2019t mind that he only had two days\u2019 notice for the scheduled meeting at the Hay-Adams Hotel in Washington, DC. Prince was asked to support <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/muhammad-ali\/\" title=\"Muhammad Ali: The Boxer Who Chose His Name and Charted His Destiny\">Ali\u2019s<\/a> World Healing Project.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The BBC reported that Prince said this when Ali\u2019s team invited him: \u201cHe said, \u2018Muhammad wants you to\u2026\u2019 and I said \u2018Yes.\u2019 I didn\u2019t even let him finish. He could have said, \u2018Mow the lawn,\u2019 and I would have been down with it. Muhammad\u2019s my hero. He has been since I was a child.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"976\" height=\"549\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/89886814_89886813.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14063\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/89886814_89886813.jpg 976w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/89886814_89886813-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/89886814_89886813-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 976px) 100vw, 976px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the meeting, they reportedly bonded over magic, which started a lasting friendship. Both died in 2016\u2014Prince on April 21 and Ali on June 3.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Prince died, Ali tweeted: \u201cWe\u2019ve lost a true original. Prince was someone who cared for others and used his genius to help many.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Joe Louis and Max Schmeling<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joe Louis and Max Schmeling were rivals in the ring. However, years after their time as boxers, they found common ground and became friends.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Louis was a much younger Black American pugilist, and Schmeling was a German boxer with something to prove. Schmeling had a fan in Adolf Hitler, which unfortunately got the boxer fighting for Nazism. Boxing enthusiasts had dubbed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/fight-louis-schmeling-fights-1936-and-1938\/\">Louis and Schmeling\u2019s 1936 and 1938 fights<\/a> as a battle between Americanism and Nazism.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To be clear, Schmeling wasn\u2019t a Nazi. However, his win over Louis was used as propaganda in favor of Nazism. Louis, for his part, was devastated by the loss via knockout, his first. A rematch was organized two years later, and Louis dominated\u2014he knocked Schmeling out in the first round.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14064\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-330x330.webp 330w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-660x660.webp 660w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900-1080x1080.webp 1080w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3900.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Americans celebrated the win uproariously. A loss against Germany and Nazism would have been unfathomable. However, Louis and Schmeling weren\u2019t comfortable with the burden they had to carry for their countries. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Louis didn\u2019t want to represent a country that oppressed Black people, and Schmeling didn\u2019t support Adolf Hitler and his party. They bonded over their similar situations.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the end, only death separated the two. Louis died in 1981, and Schmeling was one of his pallbearers. Their friendship was immortalized in the 2002 TV movie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0281938\/\">Joe and Max<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. President Ulysses S. Grant and James Longstreet<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unlike many of the duos on this list, Ulysses S. Grant, who became the 18th U.S. President, and James Longstreet had been friends for a while. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They were at West Point together, with Longstreet graduating in 1842 and Grant a year later. There are unverified reports that Longstreet became <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/articles\/was-james-longstreet-the-best-man-at-ulysses-and-julia-grant-s-wedding.htm\">Grant\u2019s best man<\/a> at his wedding to Julia Dent in 1848.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2ni24pk1sc6d1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14065\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2ni24pk1sc6d1.webp 602w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2ni24pk1sc6d1-300x195.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So, what was unusual with their friendship? It was astonishing that it lasted through the Civil War, where they fought from opposing sides. Grant was the commanding general that led the Union Army to victory in 1865. Longstreet was a general of the Confederate Army and the principal subordinate of Robert E. Lee.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Longstreet was responsible for convincing Lee to surrender and end the war. Grant and Longstreet resumed their friendship and served at the Jefferson Barracks shortly after their West Point graduation. They then fought side by side in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/19th-century\/mexican-american-war\">Mexican-American War<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Pope John Paul II and Ali Agca<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Can you really be friends with the Pope? Perhaps not. However, the extraordinary meeting between Pope John Paul II and his would-be assassin is worth including in this unexpected friendships list.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On May 13, 1981, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.catholicnewsagency.com\/news\/251224\/everyone-was-crying-an-eyewitness-recalls-the-attempted-assassination-of-st-john-paul-ii\">Mehmet Ali Agca shot Pope John Paul II<\/a> as he entered St. Peter\u2019s Square to address the faithful. The Pope was hit in the abdomen multiple times and was in critical condition. Despite being gravely hurt, Pope John Paul II said, \u201cPray for my brother\u2026 whom I have sincerely forgiven.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Agca was immediately restrained, arrested, and sentenced to life in prison. Reports aren\u2019t consistent regarding Agca\u2019s reason for the attempt on the Pope\u2019s life. One account stated that it was because the Pope was the leader of the Crusades, while another said it was supposed to be revenge for the attack on the Grand Mosque in Mecca. He had been a member of the Turkish national group.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670-1080x810.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ap512654596839-3952b09f35ed6d2d372b5dc2b2aea810c2f97670.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In a Dec. 1983 file photo provided by Vatican newspaper <em>L&#8217;Osservatore Romano<\/em>, Pope John Paul II meets Mehmet Ali Agca, in Agca&#8217;s prison cell in Rome.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On December 27, 1983, Pope John Paul II visited Agca in prison. Agca kissed the Pope\u2019s hand. They spoke for at least 20 minutes out of earshot. The Pope also gave Agca a gift, a silver rosary.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the Pope fell ill, Agca sent a letter wishing him well. When Pope John Paul II died on April 2, 2005, Agca and his family grieved.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Agca was eventually released in 2010. Four years later, he <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thetwo-way\/2014\/12\/28\/373648101\/pope-john-paul-iis-would-be-assassin-lays-roses-at-his-tomb\">laid roses at the tomb<\/a> of the late pontiff.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. Mark Twain and Helen Keller<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They met in 1895 when Helen Keller was only 14, and Mark Twain was 60. Despite the age gap, the two struck a surprising friendship. In his <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biography.com\/authors-writers\/helen-keller-mark-twain-friendship\">autobiography<\/a>, Twain recalled: \u201cWithout touching anything, and without seeing anything, obviously, and without hearing anything, she seemed to quite well recognize the character of her surroundings.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keller was also instantly at ease when she met Twain. \u201cThe instant I clasped his hand in mine, I knew that he was my friend,\u201d Keller said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hellen_Keller-Mark_Twain_1050x7001-1024x683.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14067\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hellen_Keller-Mark_Twain_1050x7001-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hellen_Keller-Mark_Twain_1050x7001-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hellen_Keller-Mark_Twain_1050x7001-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.historydefined.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hellen_Keller-Mark_Twain_1050x7001.webp 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Twain helped Keller get into Radcliffe College, which has since been integrated into Harvard University. She became the first deaf and blind person in the U.S. to earn a college degree. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The two continued to write to each other, and when Twain\u2019s wife Olivia died in 1904, Keller wrote to comfort him. It wasn\u2019t all sentimental, as both were known to tease each other via correspondence.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keller loved that Twain treated her like a regular person. Shortly before Twain\u2019s death, Keller spent time with him at his home in Redding, Connecticut.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Friendships Form in the Most Unlikely Places and Among Unexpected People<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Friendships often bloom because of shared backgrounds and circumstances. However, some relationships form naturally despite there being nothing in common between them. But they endure because both parties nurture the bond and are determined to maintain it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What does a grumpy old widower have in common with a chubby young boy scout? Nothing! This is why the eventual friendship between the cranky Carl and the young Russell was so entertaining in Pixar\u2019s 2009 film, Up. Imagine how much more interesting it would be if such unlikely friendships happened in real life. Luckily, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14067,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-modern","category-people"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What does a grumpy old widower have in common with a chubby young boy scout? 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