Mainstream large language models (LLMs) such as Google Gemini have reportedly cited pro-Russian propaganda from an EU-sanctioned outlet when generating responses, including claims that Ukraine is using the bodies of dead soldiers in meat products.
There are also signs that foreign actors engaged in hybrid information warfare activities, such as Russia, could make use of the growing industry of GEO (generative engine optimisation), which aims to influence the information received by LLMs, according to a new reportpublished by researchers from UK-based cross-party think tank Demos, shared exclusively with Euronews's fact-checking team, The Cube.
