Humans are steadily handing over responsibility for the day-to-day running of cities to robots.
The masters of the mundane no longer have beating hearts. Driverless cars and trains, service robots in shops, drones that deliver meals or purchases, automated pharmacists and 3D printing are just some of the more visible signs of a robot-driven metropolis.
And away from the public gaze, traffic systems, policing, waste management and healthcare are being given over to machines that can process data far more efficiently than any human.