Nutrition in the first 6 months of life plays a critical role in the growth as well as the development of an infant. Breast milk is considered as “Liquid Gold”. It provides complete nutrition during the first 6 months meeting adequate calories, protein, and fat as per recommended dietary allowance (RDA). In addition, breast milk has the appropriate amount of calcium, phosphorous, iron, magnesium, zinc, and other micronutrients. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), it is recommended to give exclusive breastfeeding till 6 months of completed age and it should be continued till 2 years. There is no need to give even water in the first 6 months. Water (87%) contributes to the major composition of human breast milk followed by lactose (7%), fat (3.8%), and protein (1%).
It is proven that poor nutrition in the first 6 months of age is associated with an increased risk of infections like diarrhea, pneumonia, and ear infections as well as an increased risk of death in the first 5 years of age. Poor nutrition also has long-term impacts on physical and mental development, early onset diabetes and obesity, and increased chances of autoimmune diseases. Optimal breastfeeding could save over 8 lakh children under the age of 5 years each year.
